Mediation Analysis for Probabilities of Causation

Abstract

Probabilities of causation (PoC) offer valuable insights for informed decision-making. This paper introduces novel variants of PoC-controlled direct, natural direct, and natural indirect probability of necessity and sufficiency (PNS). These metrics quantify the necessity and sufficiency of a treatment for producing an outcome, accounting for different causal pathways. We develop identification theorems for these new PoC measures, allowing for their estimation from observational data. We demonstrate the practical application of our results through an analysis of a real-world psychology dataset.

Cite

Text

Kawakami and Tian. "Mediation Analysis for Probabilities of Causation." AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2025. doi:10.1609/AAAI.V39I25.34886

Markdown

[Kawakami and Tian. "Mediation Analysis for Probabilities of Causation." AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2025.](https://mlanthology.org/aaai/2025/kawakami2025aaai-mediation/) doi:10.1609/AAAI.V39I25.34886

BibTeX

@inproceedings{kawakami2025aaai-mediation,
  title     = {{Mediation Analysis for Probabilities of Causation}},
  author    = {Kawakami, Yuta and Tian, Jin},
  booktitle = {AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
  year      = {2025},
  pages     = {26823-26832},
  doi       = {10.1609/AAAI.V39I25.34886},
  url       = {https://mlanthology.org/aaai/2025/kawakami2025aaai-mediation/}
}