A Binary Tree for Probability Learning in Eye Detection

Abstract

In this paper we proposed to solve the eye detection and localization problem under a general statistical model based object detection framework. A binary tree representation is used to discover the objects' underlying statistical structure. Tree structures enable us to describe the object local statistical structure in a coarse-to-fine fashion. Each subtree explains the statistics for certain local substructure. The tree is built in a top-down fashion. Subsets with negligible conditional independency are found by k-means clustering using mutual information. The conditionally independent features are separated into different subtrees, while more dependent features are tended to appear close in the tree. The distribution of the object can be learned accordingly. Gaussian mixture in the independent component analysis (ICA) subspace is used to model the distribution of each high dependent feature subset, where each independent component explains the local substructure. The use of tree structure enables us to learn the distribution recursively by applying Bayesian criterion. Substantial experiments were done to evaluate the performance over the eyes detection accuracy as well as the localization ability. Experimental results show a better detection accuracy than the Viisage system with a reasonable localization ability, which validate the algorithm.