Statistical Learning of Evaluation Function for ASM/AAM Image Alignment

Abstract

Alignment between the input and target objects has great impact on the performance of image analysis and recognition system, such as those for medical image and face recognition. Active Shape Models (ASM) [1] and Active Appearance Models (AAM) [2, 3] provide an important framework for this task. However, an effective method for the evaluation of ASM/AAM alignment results has been lacking. Without an alignment quality evaluation mechanism, a bad alignment cannot be identified and this can drop system performance. In this paper, we propose a statistical learning approach for constructing an evaluation function for face alignment. A nonlinear classification function is learned from a set of positive (good alignment) and negative (bad alignment) training examples to effectively distinguish between qualified and un-qualified alignment results. The AdaBoost learning algorithm is used, where weak classifiers are constructed based on edge features and combined into a strong classifier. Several strong classifiers is learned in stages using bootstrap samples during the training, and are then used in cascade in the test. Experimental results demonstrate that the classification function learned using the proposed approach provides semantically more meaningful scoring than the reconstruction error used in AAM for classification between qualified and un-qualified face alignment.