ML Anthology

A Mathematical Theory of Communication

Claude E. Shannon
Notable Works 1948 pp. 379-423, 623-656
doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x /misc/1948/shannon1948misc-mathematical/

Abstract

The recent development of various methods of modulation such as PCM and PPM which exchange bandwidth for signal-to-noise ratio has intensified the interest in a general theory of communication. A basis for such a theory is contained in the important papers of Nyquist and Hartley on this subject. In the present paper we will extend the theory to include a number of new factors, in particular the effect of noisein the channel, and the savings possible due to the statistical structure of the original message and due to the nature of the final destination of the information.

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Text

Shannon. "A Mathematical Theory of Communication." Bell System Technical Journal, 1948. doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x

Markdown

[Shannon. "A Mathematical Theory of Communication." Bell System Technical Journal, 1948.](https://mlanthology.org/misc/1948/shannon1948misc-mathematical/) doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x

BibTeX

@misc{shannon1948misc-mathematical,
  title     = {{A Mathematical Theory of Communication}},
  author    = {Shannon, Claude E.},
  howpublished = {Bell System Technical Journal},
  year      = {1948},
  pages     = {379-423, 623-656},
  doi       = {10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x},
  volume    = {27},
  url       = {https://mlanthology.org/misc/1948/shannon1948misc-mathematical/}
}