Minimal Learning Machine for Multi-Label Learning
Abstract
Distance-based supervised method, the minimal learning machine, constructs a predictive model from data by learning a mapping between input and output distance matrices. In this paper, we propose new methods and evaluate how their core component, the distance mapping, can be adapted to multi-label learning. The proposed approach is based on combining the distance mapping with an inverse distance weighting. Although the proposal is one of the simplest methods in the multi-label learning literature, it achieves state-of-the-art performance for small to moderate-sized multi-label learning problems. In addition to its simplicity, the proposed method is fully deterministic: Its hyper-parameter can be selected via ranking loss-based statistic which has a closed form, thus avoiding conventional cross-validation-based hyper-parameter tuning. In addition, due to its simple linear distance mapping-based construction, we demonstrate that the proposed method can assess the uncertainty of the predictions for multi-label classification, which is a valuable capability for data-centric machine learning pipelines.
Cite
Text
Hämäläinen et al. "Minimal Learning Machine for Multi-Label Learning." Machine Learning, 2025. doi:10.1007/S10994-025-06923-WMarkdown
[Hämäläinen et al. "Minimal Learning Machine for Multi-Label Learning." Machine Learning, 2025.](https://mlanthology.org/mlj/2025/hamalainen2025mlj-minimal/) doi:10.1007/S10994-025-06923-WBibTeX
@article{hamalainen2025mlj-minimal,
title = {{Minimal Learning Machine for Multi-Label Learning}},
author = {Hämäläinen, Joonas and Hubermont, Antoine and Souza, Amauri H. and Mattos, César L. C. and Gomes, João P. P. and Kärkkäinen, Tommi},
journal = {Machine Learning},
year = {2025},
pages = {289},
doi = {10.1007/S10994-025-06923-W},
volume = {114},
url = {https://mlanthology.org/mlj/2025/hamalainen2025mlj-minimal/}
}